citrus
Changsha mandarin
A cold-tolerant mandarin type for protected warm-zone sites.
Growing Profile
- Hardiness
- Zones 8a-10b
- Sun
- Full
- Soil
- LoamSandy
- Water
- Medium
- Deer pressure
- Not rated No deer-resistance category is assigned yet; treat browsing risk as local and variable.
- Black walnut
- Mixed or uncertain Use as a black walnut / juglone planning cue; tolerance varies by cultivar, soil, and distance from the tree.
- Planting depth
- Set transplants at nursery depth or follow seed-packet depth for direct sowing.
- Container min
- 15+ gal (good)
- Goals
- Fruit
Harvest & Use
- Window
- mandarins in fall to winter
- Yield return
- 80-250 lb/plant/year
- First output
- 3-4 yrs
- Best for
- Fruit
Harvest window: mandarins in fall to winter. Once established, the current pound-return model uses 80-250 lb/plant/year with a harvest window of 4-12 weeks.
Plant photos
What it looks like in the garden
Use these photos to compare the plant's leaves, stems, flowers, fruit, and overall habit before you buy or plant.
This is a representative garden photo used as a temporary reference. Replace with a closer cultivar or species image when one is sourced.
Photo sources: Kujiro / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Quantitative Profile
- Pound return
- 80-250 lb/plant/year
- 10-year return
- 442.7-1383.3 lb/10 yrs
- Full output
- 5-8 yrs
- Mature size
- 8-20 ft H x 6-15 ft W
- Spacing
- 20-30 ft in-row x 8-15 ft rows
- Planting depth
- Set transplants at nursery depth or follow seed-packet depth for direct sowing.
- Container min
- 15+ gal (good)
- Productive life
- 15-30 yrs
- Difficulty
- 3/5
- Reliability
- 3/5
- Data quality
- Low profile, Low yield confidence
Pound return is the stock-style yield metric. These are planning ranges for comparing plants, not guarantees. Cultivar, rootstock, climate, soil, pruning, pest pressure, and wildlife can move actual results.
Planting Checklist
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Right-size container with drainage
Containers / Before plantingUse a container large enough for mature roots, with open drainage holes to prevent root rot.
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Expanding container potting mix
Containers / Before plantingUse a lighter container medium instead of dense garden soil in pots and grow bags.
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Fruit tree and berry fertilizer
Nutrition / After establishmentSupport fruiting wood, bloom, and recovery after establishment once soil needs are known.
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Soil test kit or lab mailer
Site prep / Before plantingCheck pH and baseline nutrients before adding amendments, especially for fruiting crops, native beds, and acid-loving plants.
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Plant labels
Planning / Planting dayTrack cultivar, planting date, and variety when comparing harvests or pollination partners.
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Frost blanket
Protection / Cold nightsExtend the season or protect tender plants during cold snaps.
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Finished compost
Soil / Bed prepImprove bed structure and organic matter before planting annuals, perennials, shrubs, and trees.
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Watering wand or can
Watering / Planting dayWater new transplants gently without washing soil away from the crown or roots.
Yield curve
Estimated Pound Return
Projected annual yield ramp from establishment to full production, using the current sourced range for Changsha mandarin.
- Year 1
- 0 lb Establishment year: focus on roots before harvest.
- Year 5
- 40-125 lb
- Year 10
- 80-250 lb
- 10-year total
- 442.7-1383.3 lb/10 yrs
Shaded band shows the sourced low-to-high pound-yield range. The line tracks the midpoint for quick comparison.
Method: direct pound yield from crop metric source. Annual crops assume one comparable planting per year; perennial crops ramp from first bearing to full production.
Planting Strategy
- Planting depth: Set transplants at nursery depth or follow seed-packet depth for direct sowing.
- Container minimum: 15+ gal (good). Use 15+ gal with excellent drainage and move indoors where winters are cold.
- Start with one plant when testing fit in a new bed or container.
- Plant more than one when harvest volume or pollination is the main goal.
Risk Factors
- Match the site first: full light, loam, sandy soil, and medium water.
- Use 20-30 ft in-row x 8-15 ft rows as the first spacing model; adjust for hedges, trellises, containers, or local guidance.
- Plan around mature size: 8-20 ft H x 6-15 ft W.
- For harvest planning, treat "mandarins in fall to winter" and 80-250 lb/plant/year as planning ranges, not guarantees.
- Quantitative data quality is low for this record; verify before buying or planting at scale.
Related Planning Guides
Comparable Plants
Sources & Methodology
This guide combines hardiness range, light, soil, water, harvest timing, traits, supplier links, plant relationships, and quantitative planning metrics. Pairings are screened for practical garden fit.
Quantitative values use extension and botanical-reference ranges where available. For less-studied cultivars, similar crops fill gaps conservatively. Ranges are intentionally broad so the profile stays useful without pretending to be exact.
Planning sources: LSU AgCenter - Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens: CitrusUGA Extension - Growing Vegetables OrganicallyUniversity of Maryland Extension - Types of Containers for Growing VegetablesPenn State Extension - Landscaping and Gardening Around Walnuts and Other Juglone Producing PlantsNC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Supplier search: Raintree Nursery. Search links are not paid placements unless explicitly marked; affiliate listings may earn a commission. Last reviewed: 2026-05-31.